![]() From the beginning the hand of the anti-Semite was flagrant in the new sensation. In 1894 the military side of the agitation was revived by the arrest of a prominent Jewish staff officer, Captain Alfred Dreyfus, on a charge of treason. He resigned the next year, and Felix Faure was elected (1895) to fill his place. ![]() Casimir-Perier quietly succeeded (1894) to the office left vacant by the death of Carnot. Dreyfus was sentenced to be publicly degraded, to be expelled from the army, and to be imprisoned for life on Devil's Island.Īnarchist attacks on society and government culminated in the summer of 1894, when an Italian anarchist fatally stabbed President Carnot as he was driving through the streets of Lyons. He was arrested in 1894 and charged with treasonable correspondence with a foreign power - presumably with Germany. Churchmen attacked him as a Jew and as an enemy of Christian France. Suspicion fell upon Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer. For some time there had been a "leakage" in the military secret-service department. In the midst of these attacks, a series of abusive articles entitled "The Jews in the Army" appeared in the Paris Litre Parole in May, 1892. Of the population of France, over 30,000,000 were Catholics, 700,000 Protestants, 54,000 Jews, and 7,000,000 of no declared religion. He was, they declared, "a man without a country," who was moved by avarice, but never by patriotism. They violently denounced him as an intriguer, a usurer, and an extortioner. Edouard Drumont's book "Jewish France" signaled the rise of modern anti-Semitism, attacking Jews for capitalism, radicalism, and other "modern problems." The French socialists hated the capitalist wherever found, but most of all they hated the Jewish capitalist. It did not spring directly, as of old, from religious antipathy to the Hebrew people, but rather from jealousy of their commercial success. Late in the nineteenth century the bitter anti-Semitic prejudice, which was so marked in mediaeval times, again broke out in Europe. Third Republic 1892-1906 - The Dreyfus Affair ![]()
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